precede  先于…(发生或出现)  lt would be helpful if you were to precede the report with an introduction. 
incumbent  有责任的;有义务的;必须履行的  it is incumbent upon parents to control what their children watch on TV. 
abiding  (感情或信念等)长久的，持久的   My abiding memory is of him watering his plants in the garden on sunny afternoons. 
populate  居住于  The world's largest iceberg would possibly crash into an island populated by penguins and seals. 
distinctly  十分  She is planning to travel to distinctly different destinations in pursuit of happiness and vision, 
distinctly  清楚地;明显地  l distinctly remember asking him not to tell her about the new sales figures. 
tinge   着淡色于…;使带有一点(情绪、特质等)  The light of the setting sun tinges the buildings with delicate colors. 
apparel  衣服   They specialize in the supply of sports apparel such as sweatshirts and baseball caps to retail markets. 
testament  是…的证据:是…的证明  The new model is a testament to the skill and dedication of the workforce. 
coalesce  联合;合并   His sporting and literary interests coalesced admirably in his writing about climbing. 
hazardous  危险的;有害的  The report calls for a ban on the import of hazardous waste. 
scenic  景色优美的  Yosemite National Park is an area of outstanding scenic beauty and great wilderness value. 
conservation  保存;保护;节约  The project includes the conservation of 200 paintings, 15,000 books and quantities of furniture, ceramics and textiles. 
conservation  (动植物、森林等的)保护  China is one of the few places in the world where the elephant population is growing thanks to extensive conservation efforts. 
stitch  (缝纫中的)一针;缝  You'd better put a stitch in the corner of the pocket to keep it in place. 
Buddhist  佛教的  Lingyin Temple is a famous Buddhist temple situated in the northwest of Hangzhou. 
catapult  把…弹(射)出去 A loose dog is at the risk of falling or being catapulted out of the truck bed. 
trundle  (使)缓慢移动(滚动)   Hundreds of trucks full of fruit and vegetables trundle across the border each day。 
devoid  毫无某物;完全没有某物  Milly is the most serious person I know - her stories are always completely devoid of humor. 
iteration  重复  Companies should focus on customer experiences and strive to improve those experiences through constant iteration. 
traverse  跨过;穿过;横越;横穿  They crossed the bridge and traversed the road out into the open country. 
organically  自然地;持续地  The company has been growing organically over the past few years. 
organically  不使用化肥地;有机地:绿色地  There is firm evidence that organically grown crops are healthier to eat than conventional ones. 
intrinsic  本质的;内在的;固有的  The intrinsic value of a coin is the value of the metal it is made of. 
catalogue  为…编目录;把…列入目录中   The works came to light during the 1950s, when they were catalogued in the museum's collection. 
catalogue  目录  She uses an online catalogue to search for items by price or country, instead of the hard copies traditionally taken to auctions(拍卖会). 
jagged  凹凸不平的;锯齿状的   For centuries, the Rocky Mountains have captivated visitors with their jagged peaks magnificent waterfalls, and blue lakes. 
ideology  思想(体系);思想意识  To put it another way the analysis lacks both a sense of humanism and a theory of ideology. 
accession  将(图书馆、博物馆等的新书、新展品)登记入册  Objects will be accepted and accessioned into the museum's collections when these conditions are met. 
persist  坚持;执意   He urged the United States to persist with its efforts to bring about peace. 
shimmy  一摇一摆地走(移动)  The performer shook, jumped and shimmy(ed) in perfect motion, spurring the crowd to rise in an emotional applause. 
grotto  小洞穴  This grotto houses the most exquisite stone sculptures from the Tang Dynasty. 
fashionable  (尤指短期内)时髦的、流行的   Reading has become the fashionable educational activity for summer months with schools and libraries running reading challenges. 
curate  策划组织(展览表演、音乐会等)  Focused on artwork inspired by nature, this exhibition is curated by four high school student. 
dazzle  使…倾倒  As children, we were dazzled by my uncle's good looks and charm. 
priceless  极其贵重的;极其重要的  Her knowledge and experience would make her a priceless asset to the team. 
endurance  (忍)耐力   Running a marathon is seen by many people as the ultimate test of human endurance. 
unremarked  不受注意的;未被注意的  There are many brave and admirable social workers doing unremarked work across the nation. 
epic  漫长而艰难的  Three generations of fishermen are engaged in an epic struggle against nature, fate, and society in this moving tale. 
affective  情感的  Studies in this area investigate how objects or messages can arouse affective reactions. 
scattered  分散的:稀疏的   The higher cost of providing full services to a scattered community cannot be ignored. 
allure  诱惑;魅力;吸引力   There will always be “lost in translation" moments, but that's part of the allure of foreign travel.  
inclusion  包含;包括  Evidence is needed to prove that the word has been used in a variety of different sources before it can be considered for inclusion in one of the dictionaries. 
haze  烟雾;霾  Just as the Sun began to break through an early morning haze, l spotted three horses on a hill. 
swerve  (通常头了避免碰撞)突然转向一边  The vehicle swerved off the road, hit a lamppost and rolled several times before catching fire. 
formation  (岩石或云朵的)形成物;形状  Enormous cloud formations dominate the landscape on a hot, humid summer's day. 
formation  构成;组成   An agreement on the formation of a new government was reached on June 6. 
festivity  庆祝活动;庆典  This year's festivity(s) included fireworks, lightshows and a live concert at King International Stadium. 
connectedness  相互联系;社会关系  Human beings have a need for both independence and connectedness. 
tangible  确凿的:明显的:实在的  These fragments provide tangible evidence for how the city has changed since the 1Sth century. 
formidable  令人敬畏的;可怕的  They had to overcome formidable obstacles during their journey. 
inscribe  (尤指在石头或硬币表面)雕刻，印制、题写  She signed the book and inscribed the words with grateful thanks" on it. 
climatic  气候的  lt should be noted that some parts of the world seem to be experiencing climatic changes. 
purposefully  有目的地:有决心地;果断地   Upon hearing these words, she began walking slowly but purposefully toward the bridge. 
surge  (大量液体)汹涌;(电流)浪涌;(化学物等)突然涌动  Adrenaline surged through her veins. 
surge  迅速涌动;蜂拥向前  After the doors of the theater opened, the crowd surged forward and police had to intervene. 
commonplace  常见的;屡见不鲜的  With the improvement of people's living standard, foreign travels have become commonplace. 
laborer  体力劳动者:工人  Matthew has worked as a laborer in factories and on construction sites since he left his hometown. 
diffusely  弥漫地;扩散地;漫射地  One weakness of the essay is that the information is given diffusely instead of in a certain section, thereby reducing the effective communication of ideas. 
inaccessible  得不到的;难懂的  The language of teenagers is often completely inaccessible to the elderly. 
inaccessible  难到达的;不可及的   A long flight of stairs made the center of the museum inaccessible to disabled visitors. 
linger  继续留存(较惯常或理想的时间长)   The faint smell of her perfume lingered on in the room long after she had left. 
accordingly  相应地  lt is said that the new employee has broken the rule and will be punished accordingly. 
suspend  暂停;中止  We have decided to suspend all production at the factory until safety checks can be carried out. 
sluggish  缓慢的;迟缓的;懒洋洋的  The company has been rather sluggish in responding to the rapid changes in technology. 
stature  身高:身材  l was by no means short in stature, but next to this man I felt like a dwarf( 矮子). 
stature  名声;声望  At that time there were no other universities in England equal in stature to Oxford and Cambridge. 
wither  枯萎;干枯   lt is a pity that the spring flowers were already beginning to wither. 
cellular  由细胞组成的;细胞的   Researchers have been observing the course oithe disease at the cellular level. 
mortal  不会长生不死的;终有一死的  Her father's death reminded her that she was mortal, and it made her very sad. 
circulation  血液循环  Stretching is a good way to relax muscles and to increase blood circulation during long-time air travel. 
eternal  永远的;永恒的   Three teenage girs took a vow(誓言)of eternal friendship during the summer of 1985. 
derive  源自;源于  This word is derived from Latin, meaning "water". 
derive  得到，获得(优势或愉快的感受)   Medically, we will derive great benefit from the application of this technique. 
trigger  引发，激发(尤指一系列事件)  There must be specific events which triggered the aggressive displays in your dog. 
prolong  延长，拉长，拖长(感觉或活动)  Doctors say these new drugs can reduce pain and prolong life for two or three years. 
terrific  极好的;极棒的   The actress who plaved the fashion designer in the movie was absolutely terrific! 
immediate  目前的;当下的;紧迫的  Let's try and solve the most immediate problems before they get worse. 
immediate  立刻的;即刻的  If the eyes are affected by the drug, you must seek immediate medical attention. 
cram  把…塞进(小空间);硬塞  You have to be realistic -- it's difficult to cram everything into a tight schedule. 
cope  (成功地)应付，对付   Some parents feel that they have got to the stage where they aren't able to cope on their own. 
prompt  引起，激起(某人说或做某事)  The computer program will prompt the user to enter data where it is required. 
vigorous  强健的;精力旺盛的   Cutting the bush back in the autumn will help promote vigorous growth in the spring. 
vigorous  强度大的;积极的  According to a recent survey, a quarter of people over 12 get no vigorous exercise at all. 
disclose  透露;揭露;泄露   The spokesman of the company refused to disclose more details of their latest project to the press. 
suppress  抑制(生长、发展、起作用等)  lt is probable that the medication will suppress the symptom without treating the condition. 
suppress  (凭借武力或严格的法律)平定，制止,镇压   lllegal cross-border transactions are very active in this area despite international attempts to suppress them. 
predictive  预测的:预言的;前瞻的  Newton's physical theories are a good example of how a scientific theory may be predictive as well as explanatory. 
caution  警告;告诫;提醒   The business report released on Wednesday cautioned investors against over-optimistic expectations. 
recipient  接受者;领受者  l felt glad that l was a giver of pleasure, not merely a passive recipient. 
hidebound  古板的，守旧的(含贬义)  Tim was rude, unable to bear criticism, and more and more hidebound in his views as he got older. 
fantasist  幻想家;空想家;不切实际者  He is neither a liar nor a fantasist, and he is careful about what he says. 
immortality  永生;长存;永恒  Some people want to achieve immortality through their works. 
ephemeral  短暂的:只流行一时的  Many words appearing during that period were quite ephemeral and have passed into history. 
trap  牢笼;困境   Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place. 
arouse  激起(感情、态度)  His strange behavior at the meeting yesterday aroused my suspicion. 
midway  (一段时间)在中间的;到一半(的)   She was interrupted by the chairperson when she was midway through her presentation. 
midway  在中途(的);在半路(的);在中间(的)  We are coming close to the midway point between Los Angeles and San Francisco. 
recapture  使重温;使再次经历  I would say the film succesfully recaptures the joyful atmosphere of those days. 
optimist  乐观者;乐观主义者  He's an eternal optimist. He always expects good things to happen or things to be successful. 
inactivate  使不活动;使不活跃  Researchers have identified antibodies(抗体) that inactivate the virus before it has the chance to change itself. 
discriminate  (不公正地)区别对待，歧视  Caulfield claimed the company had discriminated against him because of his nationality. 
replacement  替代品;替换物  Just two months ago, he underwent hip replacement surgery that cost $120,000. 
youthfully  年轻地;像年轻人地;具有年轻人特点地  Melania believes that dressing youthfully is about keeping up with trends. 
speculation  猜测;推测  There has been a great deal of speculation about what will happen after the president resigns. 
oblivious  不知道的;未察觉到的  He went on and on about how successful he was, oblivious to the fact that he had hurt her. 
digestion  消化(过程)  digestion is the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body. 
costume  (代表某一特定地方或历史时期的)服装，装束  The dancers were in national costume to celebrate the National Day. 
costume  戏装;演出服   Maybe you should take off that wolf costume and show him how it's done. 
collaborate  (尤指在科学或艺术方面)合作，协作   Educators and emplovers need to collaborate in preparing the next generation for employment. 
collaboration  (尤指在科学或艺术方面的)合作，协作   The company is building the center in collaboration with an engineering institute. 
couture  昂贵时装的设计制作;昂贵时装   Around 25 designers will show their couture collections during the international fashion week. 
aesthetic  美学的  From an aesthetic point of view this piece of furniture is a nice design. 
avant-garde  (音乐、文学作品等)前卫的，先锋派的  His paintings are rather too avant-garde for mytaste. 
comprehension  理解(力)  lt's annoying that they don't have the least comprehension of what I'm trying to do.
artistic  美术的;艺术的   According to a famous art critic, opinion about the artistic merit of his paintings has been mixed. 
artistic   艺术精湛的;有艺术才华的  His friends are all artistic - they're painters.musicians, dancers, and writers. 
elevate  提拔;晋升提升  A well-chosen handbag can really elevate a woman's level of fashion. 
conceive  构思，设想，想出(新的主意、计划等)  Scientists first conceived the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s. 
conceive  想象;构想;设想  Language may be conceived of as a process which arises from social interaction. 
profusion  大量;丰富;充沛   lt is a delightful river with a profusion of wildflowers along its banks. 
foremost  最好的;最重要的  He is one of the country's foremost authorities on criminal law. 
utility  有用;实用性   I have severe doubts about the utility of examinations on subjects learned this way. 
utility  公用事业(如煤气、电力等)  Officials said water supplies and other public utility(s) in the capital were badly affected. 
contour  外形;轮廓  Maybe you can try this seat - it can be adjusted to fit the contours of your back. 
inescapable  不可避免的;不容忽视的  She didn't want to confront the inescapable fact that she would have to sell the house. 
subjective  主观的   We know that taste in art is a subjective matter and differs from person to person. 
forefront  最前线;最前列;最重要的位置  The company has always been at the forefront of science and technology. 
temporality  时效性;短暂性  He argues that temporality cannot be identified with ordinary clock time. 
quirk  怪癖;古怪  She took pride in her children's quirks and individuality, and made no effort to try to change them. 
quirk  (偶然发生的)奇事，巧合  Years later, by a strange quirk of fate, she found herself sitting next to him on a plane. 
constrain  限制;束缚  Poor soil has constrained the level of crop production in this area. 
constrain  阻止;妨碍   Financial factors should not constrain doctors from prescribing the best treatment for patients. 
emergence  出现;显现  Future research should look at the behavior and ecology of these worms to understand what caused the emergence of new species. 
framework  社会/法律/政治等的框架  There is no escaping the fact that we have to act within the existing legal framework. 
framework  体系;体制;框架;准则  This paper provides a useful conceptual framework for future research. 
coherent  (文章、观点等)连贯的，有条理的，一致的  lt makes me crazy that the board seems to have no coherent plan for saving the company. 
complementary  互为补充的;互补的  The computer and the human mind have different but complementary abilities. 
implausibly  难以置信地;不可能真实地  He argued, somewhat implausibly, that the accident could not have been prevented. 
interchange  (尤指观点或思想的)交流  What made the meeting exciting was the interchange of ideas from different disciplines. 
empathise  同情;有同感;产生共鸣  My mother died last year so l can really empathise with what he's going through. 
leverage  借助已有的…实现新(或更好)的目标  We can gain a market advantage by leverage(ing) our network of partners. 
artefact  人工制品，手工艺品(有史学价值的工具、武器等)  The museum is well-known for having many artefacts dating back to prehistoric times. 
prominent  重要的;著名的;卓越的;杰出的  He played a prominent role in promoting public health awareness in developing countries. 
criticism  (对书、电影、音乐等的)评论   Art criticism is about how we evaluate andinterpret art. 
criticism  批评;批判  My main criticism of the scheme is that it does nothing to help families on low incomes. 
auction  拍卖(会)  lf he did not come back in time, his whole property would be sold by auction. 
rightful  正确的;合法的;正义的   George sat at the head of the table, in his rightful place as their leader. 
autobiography  自传  He gives a vivid description of his childhood in his autobiography. 
computational  使用计算机的   Students may pursue research in any aspect of computational linguistics based on their own interest. 
contextual  与上下文有关的  Now we need to examine the role of contextual factors directly and in more detail. 
formalise  使(计划、决定或想法)正式化;使定形;使具体化   Final arrangements for the takeover of the company have yet to be formalised. 
eagerness  渴望   People were pushing each other out of the way in their eagerness to get to the front. 
clear-cut  明确的;易懂的  While there are a number of arguments in favor of school uniforms, the issue of whether or not they should be required is not a clear-cut matter. 
savage  蒙味的;未开化的;野蛮的  The novel is about a savage tribe with alien customs and ceremonies. 
savage  凶猛的;残暴的  They caught the monkey, but it was so savage that no one could get near enough to feed it. 
procedural  程序性的;手续上的   The business of the committee was delayed by procedural difficulties.  
execute  实行;执行  The job involves drawing up and execute(ing) aplan of nursing care. 
execute  (尤指依法)将…处死   Anyone caught trying to escape from that prison would be executed. 
conceptual  概念的  Some of us learn experientially, while others are more attracted to logical or conceptual learning. 
symbiotic  (人、组织或生物)互相依赖的，共生的  Do some viruses develop a symbiotic relationship with their host? 
commodity  商品  commodity prices can be a useful indicator of inflation, he claimed. 
volition  出于自愿  To everyone's astonishment, Helena left the company of her own volition. 
nonexistent  不存在的   Her friends never missed a chance to tease her about her nonexistent relationship with Brandon. 
formula  配方  The formulas for these drinks are closely guarded secrets of the company. 
formula  公式;方程式;分子式   He developed a mathematical formula describind the distances of the planets from the Sun. 
retrospective  (画家、演员、电影制作人等作品的)回顾展  We timed the release of the film to coincide with a big retrospective of Bosch's paintings at Rotterdam. 
misinterpretation  误解  lt appears that this universally promoted idea was based on a misinterpretation of the test results 
byproduct  意外附带结果  The deep depression he fell into was a byproduct of his disease. 
byproduct  副产物;副产品   Sugar and its byproducts are the basis of the island's economy. 
vintage  旧式的，老式的(但品质优良)  lt looks like a vintage cell phone of the last century and weighs about 13 ounces. 
vintage  (某特定年份酿制的葡萄酒)佳酿的,上等的，优质的   They served lobster, accompanied by a bottle of vintage champagne.  
acoustics  (房间的)传声效果音响效果  The auditorium has comfortable seating and modern acoustics. 
authentically  正宗地;原汁原味地  Consumers are increasingly interested in the authentically prepared food. 
conceive  构思，设想，想出(新的主意、计划等)  Scientists first conceived the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s. 
conceive  想象;构想;设想  Language may be conceived of as a process which arises from social interaction. 
iconic  (尤指能代表某种观点或某一时代)非常出名的，受欢迎的  The Phantom of the Opera must be the most iconic Broadway musical ever, and it's for a good reason -- it's so incredible. 
elaborate  复杂的;详尽的;精心制作的   You need a plain blouse to go with that skirt -nothing too elaborate. 
time-scale  (做某事所需要的)时间,时段  The time-scale for completing the work would be fairly tight and we have to work hard. 
